21.18. smtpd — SMTP Server

Source code: Lib/smtpd.py

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This module offers several classes to implement SMTP (email) servers.

Several server implementations are present; one is a generic do-nothing implementation, which can be overridden, while the other two offer specific mail-sending strategies.

Additionally the SMTPChannel may be extended to implement very specific interaction behaviour with SMTP clients.

The code supports RFC 5321, plus the RFC 1870 SIZE extension.

21.18.1. SMTPServer Objects

class smtpd.SMTPServer(localaddr, remoteaddr, data_size_limit=33554432, map=None)

Create a new SMTPServer object, which binds to local address localaddr. It will treat remoteaddr as an upstream SMTP relayer. It inherits from asyncore.dispatcher, and so will insert itself into asyncore‘s event loop on instantiation.

data_size_limit specifies the maximum number of bytes that will be accepted in a DATA command. A value of None or 0 means no limit.

A dictionary can be specified in map to avoid using a global socket map.

process_message(peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data)

Raise NotImplementedError exception. Override this in subclasses to do something useful with this message. Whatever was passed in the constructor as remoteaddr will be available as the _remoteaddr attribute. peer is the remote host’s address, mailfrom is the envelope originator, rcpttos are the envelope recipients and data is a string containing the contents of the e-mail (which should be in RFC 2822 format).

channel_class

Override this in subclasses to use a custom SMTPChannel for managing SMTP clients.

Changed in version 3.4: The map argument was added.

21.18.2. DebuggingServer Objects

class smtpd.DebuggingServer(localaddr, remoteaddr)

Create a new debugging server. Arguments are as per SMTPServer. Messages will be discarded, and printed on stdout.

21.18.3. PureProxy Objects

class smtpd.PureProxy(localaddr, remoteaddr)

Create a new pure proxy server. Arguments are as per SMTPServer. Everything will be relayed to remoteaddr. Note that running this has a good chance to make you into an open relay, so please be careful.

21.18.4. MailmanProxy Objects

class smtpd.MailmanProxy(localaddr, remoteaddr)

Create a new pure proxy server. Arguments are as per SMTPServer. Everything will be relayed to remoteaddr, unless local mailman configurations knows about an address, in which case it will be handled via mailman. Note that running this has a good chance to make you into an open relay, so please be careful.

21.18.5. SMTPChannel Objects

class smtpd.SMTPChannel(server, conn, addr, data_size_limit=33554432, map=None))

Create a new SMTPChannel object which manages the communication between the server and a single SMTP client.

conn and addr are as per the instance variables described below.

data_size_limit specifies the maximum number of bytes that will be accepted in a DATA command. A value of None or 0 means no limit.

A dictionary can be specified in map to avoid using a global socket map.

To use a custom SMTPChannel implementation you need to override the SMTPServer.channel_class of your SMTPServer.

The SMTPChannel has the following instance variables:

smtp_server

Holds the SMTPServer that spawned this channel.

conn

Holds the socket object connecting to the client.

addr

Holds the address of the client, the second value returned by socket.accept

received_lines

Holds a list of the line strings (decoded using UTF-8) received from the client. The lines have their "\r\n" line ending translated to "\n".

smtp_state

Holds the current state of the channel. This will be either COMMAND initially and then DATA after the client sends a “DATA” line.

seen_greeting

Holds a string containing the greeting sent by the client in its “HELO”.

mailfrom

Holds a string containing the address identified in the “MAIL FROM:” line from the client.

rcpttos

Holds a list of strings containing the addresses identified in the “RCPT TO:” lines from the client.

received_data

Holds a string containing all of the data sent by the client during the DATA state, up to but not including the terminating "\r\n.\r\n".

fqdn

Holds the fully-qualified domain name of the server as returned by socket.getfqdn().

peer

Holds the name of the client peer as returned by conn.getpeername() where conn is conn.

The SMTPChannel operates by invoking methods named smtp_<command> upon reception of a command line from the client. Built into the base SMTPChannel class are methods for handling the following commands (and responding to them appropriately):

Command	Action taken
HELO	Accepts the greeting from the client and stores it in seen_greeting. Sets server to base command mode.
EHLO	Accepts the greeting from the client and stores it in seen_greeting. Sets server to extended command mode.
NOOP	Takes no action.
QUIT	Closes the connection cleanly.
MAIL	Accepts the “MAIL FROM:” syntax and stores the supplied address as mailfrom. In extended command mode, accepts the RFC 1870 SIZE attribute and responds appropriately based on the value of data_size_limit.
RCPT	Accepts the “RCPT TO:” syntax and stores the supplied addresses in the rcpttos list.
RSET	Resets the mailfrom, rcpttos, and received_data, but not the greeting.
DATA	Sets the internal state to DATA and stores remaining lines from the client in received_data until the terminator "\r\n.\r\n" is received.
HELP	Returns minimal information on command syntax
VRFY	Returns code 252 (the server doesn’t know if the address is valid)
EXPN	Reports that the command is not implemented.