Madhavan Mukund

RDBMS and SQL

Aug–Nov 2024

Administrative details

• Instructor: Madhavan Mukund

• Teaching Assistants: None

• Evaluation:

  • Assignments, final exam

  • Weightage approximately 60%, 40%, to be confirmed

  • Copying is fatal

• Text and reference books:

  • Database System Concepts (7th Edition), Avi Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Course plan

This list is approximate and subject to change.

• The relational model
  • History
  • Relational algebra
• SQL
  • Basic queries
  • Creating and updating tables
  • Aggregate queries
• Storing tables on disk
• Query processing
• Transactions and consistency

Assignments

• Assignment 1, 16 September 2024, due 27 September 2024

• Assignment 2, 12 October 2024, due 22 October 2024

• Assignment 3, 28 October 2024, due 8 November 10 November 2024

• Assignment 4, 19 November 2024, due 30 November 2024

Lectures

• Lecture 1: 8 Aug 2024
  (Class Notes)

  • Why DBMS? Overview of concepts to be discussed in the course
  • The relational model — mathematical relations, relations an d tables, schema
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 1.1, 1.2, 1.6, 2.1, 2.2

  Supplementary reading

  • A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks, E.F. Codd, CACM, Jun 1970
  • A Brief History of Databases

• Lecture 2: 22 Aug 2024
  (Class Notes)

  • Relational algebra: select, project, join, set operations
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 2.6

• Lecture 3: 29 Aug 2024
  (Class Notes)

  • Relational algebra: set operations, assignment, renaming, examples, expressiveness
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 2.6

• Lecture 4: 10 Sep 2024
  (Class Notes)

  • Relation schema — keys, referential integrity, foreign keys, schema diagram
  • Introduction to SQL – table creation
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.1, 3.2

• Lecture 5: 19 Sep 2024
  (Class Notes, SQL demo)

  • Data definition in SQL – creating and dropping tables, databases
  • Data manipulation in SQL – inserting, deleting, updating rows in tables
  • Querying data in SQL – select, project, join
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

• Lecture 6: 26 Sep 2024
  (Class Notes, SQL demo)

  • Querying data in SQL – set operations, aggregate operations, grouping, sorting output
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 3.4.4, 3.5, 3.7

• Lecture 7: 10 Oct 2024
  (Class Notes, SQL demo)

  • Querying data in SQL – string matching, nested queries, set membership and comparison, empty relations, null values, natural join
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 3.6, 3.8, 4.1.1

• Lecture 8: 17 Oct 2024
  (Class Notes)

  • Querying data in SQL – natural join, outer join, views
    • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 4.1, 4.2
  • Relational database design: lossless decomposition, functional dependencies
    • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 7.1, 7.2

• Lecture 9: 22 Oct 2024
  (Class Notes)

  • Relational database design: redundancy, lossless decomposition, functional dependencies, normalization, BCNF, 3NF, closure
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4.1, 7.4.2

• Lecture 10: 29 Oct 2024
  (Class Notes)

  • Storage – RAM, disk, SSD; fixed and variable length records; heap and sequential organization of files
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 12.1-12.4, 13.1-13.3
  • Indexing: motivation, clustering index, dense and sparse indices, secondary indices, B+-trees
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 14.1-14.3

• Lecture 11: 05 Nov 2024
  (Class Notes)

  • Query processing: query plans, assessing and optimizing cost, algorithms for selection, external merge sort, computing joins
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 15.1-15.6
  • Query optimization: transforming relational algebra expressions, estimating outputs, choosing between evaluation plans
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 16.1-16.4

• Lecture 12: 07 Nov 2024
  (Class Notes)

  • Transactions: ACID properties, transaction state diagram, logs, concurrent schedules, serializability, conflict serializability, testing for conflict serializability, transactions in SQL, brief introduction to locks
  • Reference: Silberschatz et al, Ch 17.1-17.6, 17.8